ম্যাথ পোস্টার ও ভিজুয়াল ম্যাথ

Created by - Tanvir Rony

Pythagoras

Published - Thu, 19 Oct 2023

Created by - Tanvir Rony

Newton

Sir Isaac Newton, an English mathematician, physicist, and astronomer, stands as a colossal figure in the history of science, primarily renowned for his pioneering contributions to calculus and mechanics. Newton's seminal work, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" ("Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy"), published in 1687, revolutionized scientific thought. Within this magnum opus, Newton formulated his three fundamental laws of motion—laws that laid the groundwork for classical mechanics. These laws elucidated how objects behave when subjected to forces, defining inertia, acceleration, and action-reaction relationships, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding the motion of celestial bodies and terrestrial objects. Central to Newton's mechanics was his universal law of gravitation, which mathematically described how every mass in the universe attracts every other mass, a concept that profoundly altered our perception of the cosmos and led to a deeper comprehension of celestial mechanics. Moreover, Newton's development of calculus independently of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz established a mathematical framework to describe rates of change and solve problems in various fields, especially physics. Calculus, comprising differential and integral calculus, became an indispensable tool for understanding motion, change, and physical phenomena. Newton's work in calculus and its integration into the realm of physics provided scientists with the means to explore and articulate complex phenomena, from describing planetary orbits to analyzing the behavior of moving objects on Earth. His conceptualization of derivatives and integrals expanded the realm of mathematics, enabling scientists and engineers to model and predict phenomena previously beyond mathematical reach.  Newton's contributions in both calculus and mechanics were transformative, sparking a scientific revolution and profoundly influencing subsequent generations of scientists and mathematicians. His meticulous observations, mathematical prowess, and revolutionary insights reshaped the scientific landscape, cementing his place as one of the greatest scientific minds in history. Newton's work not only laid the foundation for classical physics but also established a framework for future scientific inquiry, inspiring centuries of research and discovery in fields ranging from astronomy and physics to engineering and mathematics. His legacy continues to reverberate through the principles and methodologies that underpin modern scientific exploration and understanding of the natural world.

Published - Fri, 20 Oct 2023

Created by - Tanvir Rony

fibonacci

Leonardo of Pisa, more commonly known as Fibonacci, was a 13th-century Italian mathematician who introduced to the Western world a numerical sequence that would become one of the most famous in mathematics—the Fibonacci sequence. Born around 1170, Fibonacci was instrumental in spreading the Hindu-Arabic numeral system throughout Europe, which revolutionized arithmetic and mathematics. However, his most enduring legacy lies in his discovery of the sequence that bears his name. The Fibonacci sequence begins with two numbers, 0 and 1. Each subsequent number in the sequence is the sum of the two preceding numbers. So, the sequence goes: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, and so on, continuing indefinitely. This sequence possesses remarkable properties that appear in various natural phenomena, making it a fascinating area of study not only in mathematics but also in fields such as biology, art, and architecture. Fibonacci encountered the sequence while studying the breeding patterns of rabbits in his book "Liber Abaci" ("The Book of Calculation"). In one of its chapters, he presented a problem involving the growth of a hypothetical rabbit population over the course of several months. He devised a model where rabbits breed in pairs and each pair produces a new pair every month, starting from the second month. This problem led to the formulation of the Fibonacci sequence as a solution to tracking the number of rabbits after each month. What makes the Fibonacci sequence intriguing is its prevalence in nature. It appears in the branching of trees, the arrangement of leaves, the spirals of shells, the petals of flowers, and even in the proportions of the human body. The sequence manifests in the spiral patterns found in sunflowers, pinecones, and the shells of snails, exhibiting a mathematical elegance that mirrors the beauty of the natural world. Furthermore, the golden ratio, often associated with the Fibonacci sequence, is derived from its consecutive terms. As the sequence progresses, the ratio between consecutive Fibonacci numbers approximates the golden ratio—approximately 1.6180339887. This ratio is renowned for its aesthetic appeal and is found in art, architecture, and design, believed to create visually pleasing compositions. Fibonacci's contributions extended beyond this sequence. He played a crucial role in popularizing the Hindu-Arabic numeral system in Europe, revolutionizing mathematics and commerce by introducing the use of zero and the decimal place value system. His efforts helped lay the groundwork for modern mathematics and paved the way for the scientific advancements of subsequent centuries. 

Published - Thu, 23 Nov 2023

Created by - Tanvir Rony

Maryam Mirzakhani

 Maryam Mirzakhani: Pioneering Mathematical InnovationMaryam Mirzakhani, born in Iran in 1977, emerged as a luminary in the realm of mathematics. Her journey began with a childhood passion for solving mathematical puzzles, leading her to excel in international competitions and eventually study mathematics at Sharif University of Technology and later at Harvard University. Mirzakhani's groundbreaking contributions centered on complex geometric structures, particularly in the realm of hyperbolic geometry. Her innovative work on the moduli space of Riemann surfaces revolutionized our understanding of these abstract surfaces and their dynamics. Her most celebrated achievement involved solving the problem of counting simple closed geodesics on surfaces of varying genus, employing ingenious methods that fused geometry, dynamics, and physics. This breakthrough not only resolved a longstanding mathematical conundrum but also introduced novel approaches with far-reaching implications across mathematical disciplines. Beyond her mathematical prowess, Mirzakhani broke barriers as the first woman to receive the Fields Medal in 2014, the highest honor in mathematics. Her triumph shattered gender norms, inspiring aspiring mathematicians, especially women, to pursue their passions without limitations. Tragically, Mirzakhani's life was cut short by breast cancer in 2017 at the age of 40, leaving behind an irreplaceable void in the mathematical community. However, her legacy persists through her groundbreaking research and the trail she blazed for future generations.  Maryam Mirzakhani's legacy transcends her extraordinary mathematical achievements. She stands as a symbol of perseverance, intellectual prowess, and an unwavering commitment to unraveling the complexities of our world. Her life continues to inspire and motivate mathematicians worldwide to push boundaries and explore the uncharted territories of mathematics.

Published - Mon, 11 Dec 2023

Created by - Tanvir Rony

Euler

Leonhard Euler, one of history's most prolific mathematicians, reshaped the landscape of mathematics and science through his genius, leaving an indelible mark on the field. Born on April 15, 1707, in Basel, Switzerland, Euler's early years were marked by intense curiosity and a passion for learning. His father, a pastor, recognized his talent early on and provided him with a strong education. At the age of 20, Euler enrolled at the University of Basel, where Johann Bernoulli, a renowned mathematician, recognized his exceptional abilities. Under Bernoulli's guidance, Euler delved deeper into mathematics, rapidly proving his prowess by solving complex problems. His innate ability to grasp intricate mathematical concepts led to his publication of the solution to the famous Basel problem at just 28 years old. This achievement garnered widespread attention, solidifying his reputation as a brilliant mathematician. Euler's career took him to various European cities, where he worked at academies and collaborated with other prominent mathematicians. His vast contributions spanned diverse fields of mathematics, including calculus, number theory, graph theory, and mechanics. Euler's groundbreaking work in calculus laid the foundation for many modern mathematical principles. He introduced the concept of mathematical functions and notation, notably the use of 'e' for the base of natural logarithms and 'i' for imaginary numbers, revolutionizing mathematical symbolism. His prolific output is staggering; Euler published over 800 books and papers during his lifetime, despite facing significant challenges. At the age of 28, he lost sight in one eye due to a fever, and a few years later, he became completely blind. Remarkably, this didn't hinder his work; he continued to produce exceptional mathematical works, relying on his mental calculations and the assistance of his sons and colleagues to transcribe his ideas. Euler's contributions to graph theory, through the Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem, laid the groundwork for the field. He formulated the theory of vertices and edges, establishing the basis for graph theory as a separate branch of mathematics. Beyond mathematics, Euler made significant contributions to physics, particularly in mechanics and fluid dynamics. His work on the laws of motion and the motion of fluids helped advance the understanding of these fundamental principles. Leonhard Euler's legacy extends far beyond his numerous theorems, formulas, and discoveries. His dedication, resilience, and insatiable curiosity serve as an inspiration to generations of mathematicians. His impact on mathematics and science is immeasurable, and his name remains synonymous with brilliance and innovation in the world of mathematics.  In 1783, Euler passed away in St. Petersburg, Russia, leaving behind a vast body of work that continues to shape the way we perceive and understand the intricacies of mathematics and science. His life and contributions stand as a testament to the power of human intellect, perseverance, and the enduring pursuit of knowledge. Euler's legacy continues to inspire mathematicians and scientists worldwide, serving as a guiding light in the pursuit of discovery and understanding in the realm of mathematics.

Published - Thu, 14 Dec 2023

Created by - Tanvir Rony

de Moivre

Abraham de Moivre, a pioneering mathematician born in 1667 in Champagne, France, left an enduring legacy in the world of mathematics. His life was marked by resilience and a deep passion for numbers. Fleeing religious persecution as a Protestant in France, de Moivre found refuge in England, where he flourished intellectually. De Moivre's contributions spanned several mathematical disciplines, but he's best known for his work in probability theory and trigonometry. His profound insights into probability emerged from his study of games of chance, leading to the development of the foundational principles of the normal distribution. In 1733, he published "The Doctrine of Chances," a seminal work that laid the groundwork for probability theory. De Moivre introduced the concept of the normal curve and established the approximation of binomial distributions by the normal distribution, known as the Central Limit Theorem. This theorem became fundamental in statistics and probability, influencing various scientific fields. Moreover, de Moivre made significant strides in trigonometry, particularly in the field of complex numbers and the application of trigonometric functions to this domain. He introduced De Moivre's theorem, providing a formula for raising complex numbers to integer powers, which is a cornerstone in modern algebra and calculus. Despite facing financial challenges throughout his life, de Moivre's dedication to mathematics never wavered. His remarkable contributions earned him recognition and respect among his contemporaries and future generations of mathematicians.  De Moivre passed away in 1754, leaving behind a legacy of mathematical brilliance that continues to shape the foundations of probability theory, statistics, and trigonometry. His profound insights and pioneering work solidified his place as a key figure in the history of mathematics, forever revered for his intellect and enduring contributions.

Published - Fri, 15 Dec 2023

Created by - Tanvir Rony

Decartes

René Descartes, a towering figure in both mathematics and philosophy, left an indelible mark on intellectual thought during the 17th century. Born in La Haye en Touraine, France, in 1596, Descartes' life was marked by a relentless pursuit of truth and knowledge. Descartes' contributions spanned various disciplines, earning him the title of the "Father of Modern Philosophy." His philosophical masterpiece, "Meditations on First Philosophy," challenged conventional wisdom and established a new framework for understanding reality. His famous statement "Cogito, ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am") encapsulates his skepticism, emphasizing the certainty of individual existence based on the act of thinking. Beyond philosophy, Descartes made significant strides in mathematics, laying the foundations for analytical geometry. His work, "La Géométrie," introduced the Cartesian coordinate system, merging algebra and geometry and providing a method to represent geometric shapes algebraically. Descartes' quest for knowledge led him to seek universal truths through reason and deduction, advocating a systematic approach to understanding the world. His influence permeated various fields, including science and metaphysics, where he proposed mechanistic explanations for natural phenomena. Despite facing opposition and controversy, Descartes' ideas flourished and profoundly impacted the course of intellectual history. His method of doubt and emphasis on rational inquiry laid the groundwork for the scientific revolution, inspiring generations of mathematicians, scientists, and philosophers.  Descartes' legacy endures as a cornerstone of modern thought, revered for his contributions to philosophy, mathematics, and the scientific method. His relentless pursuit of truth and his profound insights into the nature of reality continue to shape our understanding of the world and our place within it. René Descartes remains an intellectual giant whose legacy resonates across centuries, inspiring critical inquiry and philosophical contemplation.

Published - Fri, 15 Dec 2023

Created by - Tanvir Rony

pascal

Blaise Pascal, a luminary of the 17th century, remains revered for his profound contributions to mathematics, physics, philosophy, and theology. Born in Clermont-Ferrand, France, in 1623, Pascal demonstrated exceptional intellectual aptitude from an early age. In mathematics, Pascal's early work focused on projective geometry, but he is best known for his contributions to probability theory. His most significant work, "Traité du Triangle Arithmétique," introduced Pascal's triangle, a pivotal tool in combinatorics and probability theory. This groundbreaking work laid the foundation for probability calculus and significantly influenced the field of mathematics. Moreover, Pascal's pioneering work in physics and fluid mechanics resulted in Pascal's law, which established the principles of hydrostatics. His experiments and theories in atmospheric pressure and vacuum laid the groundwork for advancements in the study of gases and the development of the barometer. Beyond his mathematical and scientific endeavors, Pascal was a profound philosopher and theologian. He grappled with existential questions, leading to his seminal work, "Pensées," exploring the human condition, skepticism, and the relationship between faith and reason. His famous wager, proposing that belief in God is a rational choice regardless of proof, remains a cornerstone in discussions of faith and rationality. Pascal's intellect and contributions were multifaceted, extending to the invention of the Pascaline, an early mechanical calculator. This invention, although limited in functionality, paved the way for future developments in computing technology.  Despite battling poor health and frailty throughout his life, Pascal's legacy endures as a testament to his intellectual brilliance and wide-ranging contributions to multiple disciplines. He passed away at the age of 39, leaving behind a profound legacy that continues to shape mathematics, physics, philosophy, and theology. Blaise Pascal's impact on intellectual thought transcends time, influencing generations of scholars and thinkers, marking him as a pivotal figure in the history of human knowledge.

Published - Fri, 15 Dec 2023

Created by - Tanvir Rony

Leibniz

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, a towering intellect of the 17th century, contributed significantly to mathematics, philosophy, and numerous scientific fields. Born in Leipzig, Germany, in 1646, Leibniz's early life was marked by a voracious appetite for knowledge. His most renowned achievement lies in his independent development of calculus, which paralleled Isaac Newton's work. Leibniz's symbolic calculus, with its use of differential notation (dy/dx), laid the groundwork for modern calculus, transforming mathematical analysis and paving the way for advancements in physics, engineering, and various scientific disciplines. The dispute between Leibniz and Newton over the invention of calculus, known as the "Calculus Priority Dispute," remains a contentious chapter in the history of mathematics. While both contributed significantly to calculus, their feud over priority and accusations of plagiarism persisted, overshadowing their respective contributions. Beyond mathematics, Leibniz was a polymath, making notable contributions to philosophy and logic. His work in metaphysics, particularly the concept of monads and his proposition of the principle of sufficient reason, shaped philosophical discourse for centuries. Leibniz's life was intertwined with diplomatic and scholarly pursuits, serving various European courts and engaging in philosophical and scientific discussions with intellectuals of his time. Despite facing criticisms and controversies, Leibniz's legacy endures as a multifaceted thinker whose contributions extended far beyond calculus and philosophy. His vision of a universal language and his development of binary arithmetic laid the groundwork for modern computing.  Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz passed away in 1716, leaving behind a legacy of intellectual brilliance that continues to shape mathematics, philosophy, and various scientific disciplines. His profound impact on the development of calculus and his philosophical insights mark him as a pivotal figure in the history of human thought.

Published - Sat, 16 Dec 2023